Thermal Energy and States of Matter Online Exploration

 

A. Introducing solid, liquid and gas

 
1. Everything in the universe fits into 1 of 3 categories: it's either a _____, a ______, or a___.

2. True/False: Solids move about easily.

3. Explain the following statement: Even things that aren't moving, are actually moving.  How is this possible?

4. If you had a super-powerful microscope that could zoom in on the tiny stuff that makes up matter, it would look like millions of little lumps.
Little   : ________
Lumps: ________


B.  Watch the How Stuff Works Videos States of Matter Changes in State

1.     What happens to the molecules of liquid water when it boils?  Have you ever boiled water before?  If so, what for?  How would you describe the energy of the water before boiling and after boiling?

     2.  Explain the difference between boiling and evaporation.  How are boiling and evaporation similar?

    3. What is the boiling point of water in Fahrenheit (°F) and Celsius (°C)?

    4. What is the melting point of rock?  What is the melting point of water?

    5.  What happens to water molecules when they freeze into a solid?  Have you ever witnessed water changing from a liquid to a solid?  How would you describe the energy of the water before and after it froze?

    6.  At the 2:00 mark, estimate the volume of the liquid in the beaker, don’t forget units!

C. Chapter_1__Solid__Liquid__Gas

1. Why is it a good idea to eat a popsicle quickly on a hot summer day?

2. Adding ______ energy to materials causes them to change state.

3. Why is water a good material to illustrate phase changes?  Why not use iron or aluminum?

4. Like all materials, water is made of ________.

5. Describe the movement of water molecules in the liquid state of matter.

6. As the temperature is lowered, the molecules ____ ____ and bond to one another.

7. Compare/contrast the "energy" of the molecules in ice with the "energy" of water molecules in liquid form.

8. Water will stay in solid form, ice, at or below a temperature of __ degrees Fahrenheit (ºF) or __ degrees Celsius (ºC). 

9. Describe the "energy" of molecules as ice melts into liquid form.

10. At a temperature of ___ degrees Fahrenheit (ºF) or ___ degrees Celsius (ºC) the liquid turns into ______, which is the ___ form of water.

11. When water turns to steam, the molecules move even ______.

12. Compare/contrast the "energy" of molecules of a liquid and a gas.

13. Steam will ________ to water and water will ______ to ice.

14. What color is liquid iron?  Infer: What would the melting temperature of iron be?

15. What state of matter is iron at room temperature? 

16. As a candle burns, _____ energy is added, and the solid _____ into a liquid. 
17. No matter what the material is, changing states is about ______ or _______ ____ energy to a substance.
18. Solids _____ to make liquids.
19. Liquids ____ to make gases.