Lesson Plan for Considine’s Science
classes: 601, 602, 603, 613
The
textbooks and workbooks are located in the back of 509. Please return the books to 509 at the end of
the period so the next class will be able to use them. The students are NOT to write in the
notebooks; they are to write ALL of the information in their Science
Notebooks.
1. ____ is the use of _____ to move an object some ________.
2. What are the units for Force?
3. What are the units for Distance?
4. What is a Joule (J)?
5. Energy = Work <----- Explain!
1) Potential Energy is the energy of position. An object's mass andheight give an object its potential energy. The greater the mass or the higher an object is, the more P.E. an object has.
Potential Energy = (mass)(gravity)(height) or P.E. = mgh
2) Kinetic Energy is the energy of movement, motion. An object's massand speed/velocity determine its kinetic energy. The greater the mass and the more speed an object has, the more K.E. an object has.
Kinetic Energy = 1/2(mass)(velocity)(velocity) or K.E. = 1/2 mv2
B. Forms of Energy
Energy can come in a variety of forms.
1. Atomic/Nuclear Energy is produced when you split atoms.
Examples:Atomic bombs, nuclear power plants, and the sun.
2. Chemical Energy - is really a form of potential energy and is the energy stored in food, gasoline or chemical bonds. Examples: Striking a match, food, batteries.
3. Electrical Energy - Energy produced by electrons moving through a substance is known as electrical energy. We see evidence of electricity in household appliances, electric outlets, phone chargers, electric wires. Examples: MP3 players, computers, video games, holiday light wires.
4. Mechanical Energy - is the energy of movement. All moving objects have mechanical energy. Examples: bicycles, machine parts, subway trains, wheels, us!
M.E. = P.E. + K.E.
5. Sound Energy- is produced when a solid, liquid or gas vibrates. Sound energy travels out as waves in all directions. Examples: Voices, sirens, horns and musical instruments.
6. Radiant Energy - is light energy, that when absorbed by an object, gets converted to thermal/heat energy.
Examples: A light bulb, the glowing coils on a toaster, the sun, and even headlights on cars.
7. Thermal Energy - is the energy of molecular movement. The faster the molecules move, the more thermal energy is present. Heat is the transfer of thermal energy i.e. when thermal energy moves from object to object, we feel it as heat.
C. Generating Electricity!!!
- Electrical energy is needed in our daily lives. Imagine what life would be like if all those appliances that you plug in on a daily basis were to disappear... No refrigerators, no MP3s, no television, no hot water, etc.
Power plants use a generator to generate electricity. A turbine turns the generator. Mechanical energy is needed to turn the turbine, usually in the form of steam pushing against its blades. Now, all we need is a source of thermal energy to boil the water into a gas.
You have seen many examples of PE/KE. Your task is to create your own illustration
of Potential and Kinetic Energy in action.
Your illustration must include the following: A. Maximum KE, B. Minimum KE, C. Maximum PE, D. Minimum PE, E. Increasing KE, F. Decreasing KE, G. Increasing PE, H. Decreasing PE *Include an explanation for each label*
Watch the videos and answer the questions underneath them in your science notebooks.
A. 1. What is happening when potential energy is converted to kinetic energy? Describe the actions.
2. Pretend you are an animator; create a cartoon of your own involving Potential and Kinetic Energy, and be sure to label both PE and KE.
B. 1. Kinetic energy increases when the ____ and/or ______ of an object increases.
2. Potential energy increases when the ____, ______ or ___________ of an object increases.
3. Give an example of Potential Energy converting to Kinetic Energy, and an example of KE converting to PE. You can either write a short paragraph or draw an illustration/cartoon of this.
C. 1. ______ is the ability to do work.
2. Energy cannot be _______ or _________, it can only be ______ or ___________.
3. Energy can take two forms: _________ Energy and ________ Energy.
4. _________ Energy is stored, whereas ______ Energy is based on motion or speed.
5. Give an example of PE and an example of KE; draw a picture!
D. 1. What is the law of conservation of energy? Put it into your own words.
2. Energy is __________ from one type to _______.
3. At the bottom of the rollercoaster, describe the Potential Energy and why this is.
4. Kinetic Energy deals with the energy of velocity or _____.
E. Energy in a Roller Coaster Ride
"This interactive roller coaster ride produced by WGBH illustrates the relationship between potential and kinetic energy. As the coaster cars go up and down the hills and around the loop of the track, a pie chart shows how energy is transformed back and forth between gravitational potential energy and kinetic energy."
Watch the video, and answer these questions in your Science Notebooks: What have you learned from it? What did you already know? Is there anything else you could add to the video? Explain.
