Chapter 6, 7 Online Exploration of Weather and the Atmosphere

Chapter 6, 7 Online Exploration of Weather 

and the Atmosphere

A.  This should already be finished; please skip this and continue to B.

1.   Go to www.edheads.org , “Choose An Activity” à “Weather”, click on “Glossary” and copy the following:

a.  Air Pressure – ALL

b.  Barometer – first 3 sentences, read the rest twice

c.   Cloud formation – first 3 sentences, read the rest twice

d.  Conduction and Convection – read 3 times

e.  Fronts – first sentence, read the rest 3 times

f.     Humidity – first sentence and the information on the hygrometer, read the rest

g.  Precipitation – first 2 sentences, read the rest

h.  Radiation and Temperature – read twice

i.      Thermometer – first 2 sentences, read the rest twice

j.      Wind – first sentence, read the rest twice

2.  Report the Weather – 3 Levels (write information in Science Notebook)

3.  Predict the Weather – 3 Levels (write information in Science Notebook)

B. Air Pressure explained

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jmQ8FWnM0fA

1.       If the surrounding air is pressing down on the kids with ~15 lbs on every inch of their bodies, why aren’t they being crushed?

2.       How is air pressure different at sea level than higher up in the atmosphere?  Draw a picture.

3.       What is going on with the changes in volume with that balloon?

4.       An egg is used as a model for the thickness of the atmosphere, what makes this a good model?

***From 2:00 til the end, there are instructions on how to make a barometer.  Make one of these at home, measure the changes in air pressure, record your results.  TWO WEEK HOMEWORK PASS AWARDED***

C. The Water Cycle

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=al-do-HGuIk

1.       What are some benefits of water flowing on the earth?

2.       True/False: Life on earth could continue without the water cycle.

3.       What is meant by the terms “flows” and “stores”?

4.       70% of all the water on earth is found in the ______.

5.       2/3 of all the fresh water on earth is stored in ________.

6.       Precipitation: come up with your own definition.

7.       Compare/Contrast: Stream flow and surface runoff.

8.       How does water make its way into aquifers? 

9.       How does water get back into the atmosphere?  Describe the phase change.

10.   Transpiration: Illustrate this process.

11.   Describe the process of cloud formation, and include the following terms: cloud, condensation, smoke/dirt, cooled.

D. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9e1ccP2P0Fk

1.       How do Scientists know so much about the water cycle?

 E.  Water Cycle Video and Quiz

1) Compare and contrast the four different types of precipitation.

2) The “water cycle” is defined as:

3) When water collects on the earth post-precipitation, what are three possible outcomes for a water molecule?

4) If water vapor is invisible, how do we know it’s there?

5) Tell in your own words how sweating and transpiration are similar.

6) Explain the phase transitions in evaporation and condensation.

7) Summarize the water cycle in your own words.

8) “Test yourself” by taking the water cycle quiz.  Put the numbers and your answers in your science notebooks.  What was your final score?



  F.  Bill Nye - Atmospheric Pressure

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QeAp3CuGjk8

1.       A. In the first demonstration, what help up the card against the test tube?

B. How does gravity cause atmospheric pressure?

2.       A. A cloud needs ____ particles in order to form.

B. The air cools because at a ______ altitude the air is ______.

3.       Explain: How is it possible for the man to hang on the cylinder in the air? 

G. Discover more about the water cycle here:

http://www.epa.gov/safewater/kids/flash/flash_watercycle.html

H. Can you complete the water cycle puzzle here?
http://player.discoveryeducation.com/views/hhView.cfm?guidAssetId=087777c8-4ff0-45d2-878f-e7cd90f7ee19

I. Master the water cycle quiz:
http://earthguide.ucsd.edu/flash/watercycle/watercycle_q.swf

J. Explore how water moves through the water cycle in a variety of ways:
http://earthguide.ucsd.edu/flash/watercycle/watercycle_q.swf

K. Water Cycle interactive:
http://www.harcourtschool.com/activity/science_up_close/408/deploy/interface.swf

2.    What the climate in your biome is like (average temperature and precipitation for each of its seasons.) Interesting facts about weather/climate in your biome could go here. An example of a climatogram  [also called climatograph] should be included as well.  

3.    The sights or features of your biome a tourist would see. i.e. Tell us about the typical topography of your biome and about the most common plants and animals that characterize your biome; be specific! 

4. Find two endangered species (one plant and one animal) that reside in your biome and discuss them. Why are they endangered? (Habitat destruction? Hunting? Climate change? Other?)

5. a. Be sure to include an example of a food chain/food web found in your biome using the following terms: the sun, producer, consumer, predator, prey, herbivore, omnivore, carnivore and decomposer . 
b. Find/Construct an Energy Pyramid w/ the different trophic levels 

identified and labeled. 

6.    Any characteristics of your biome that make it special or important.  What would I do during the day and night while exploring this biome?  Are there any ecotours or eco adventures possible?  Make sure to include pictures!

7.    Effects that humans have had specifically on your biome, and why they have had such impact.  How is climate change affecting your biome?  Link any relevant articles here. 

8. What is happening currently in this biome?  Your biome is in the news, what's happening?  Make sure and cite your information.

9. Give an example of each of the following vocabulary terms: 

Individual, Population, Community, Ecosystem, Biome, 

Biosphere.


10. What would you want to do here?  Understand, you will visit this biome...  Share pictures of your GOAL!!!  Imagine yourself in this biome!!!   

Reporting and Predicting the Weather Online Exploration

Reporting and Predicting the Weather Online Exploration

1.  Go to www.edheads.org

2.  “Choose An Activity” à “Weather”

3.  Click on “Glossary” and copy the following:

a.  Air Pressure – ALL

b.  Barometer – first 3 sentences, read the rest twice

c.   Cloud formation – first 3 sentences, read the rest twice

d.  Conduction and Convection – read 3 times

e.  Fronts – first sentence, read the rest 3 times

f.     Humidity – first sentence, read the rest

g.  Precipitation – first 2 sentences, read the rest

h.  Radiation and Temperature – read twice

i.      Thermometer – first 2 sentences, read the rest twice

j.      Wind – first sentence, read the rest twice

4.  Report the Weather – 3 Levels (write information in Science Notebook)

5.  Predict the Weather – 3 Levels (write information in Science Notebook)

Air Pressure:     Air pressure, also known as atmospheric pressure, is the weight of air above a given point.  Higher pressures usually mean clear weather because air is sinking toward the earth. Lower pressures usually mean bad weather because air is rising.

Barometer:      A barometer is an instrument used to measure air pressure. Air pressure is usually expressed in units of millibars (mb) or inches of mercury (in. Hg.). At sea level, standard air pressure is 1013.25 mb. or 29.92 in. Hg.

Cloud Formation :    Clouds form as air rises, expands and cools. This expansion and cooling causes condensation to occur. Condensation is simply the process by which water vapor turns to water.

Fronts:      
A front is the transition zone between two different air masses with different temperatures and humidity levels.

Humidity:   

Humidity is the amount of water vapor in the air. 

Ch. 5 - Thermal Energy, Heat, and Temperature Online Exploration

A. 
 http://www.wisc-online.com/Objects/ViewObject.aspx?ID=SCE304

-Heat Transfer interactive-

Introduction: Heat always travels from a ______ object to a ______ object.

 1. Conduction

  a. What substances make good conductors?  

  b. What substances make bad conductors (good insulators)?

  c. What is conduction?

  d. The better the conductor the more _______ heat will transfer.

  e. In conduction, do the substances need to be touching each other?  Explain. 

2. Convection

 a. Draw a picture of a convection current.  Label the red and blue arrows. 

 b. What is convection?

 c. What are some other examples of convection?

 d. Convection is the primary method that heat transfers in _______ and _____.

 e. Which is denser, cold air or warm air?  Explain.

3. Radiation

  a. What effect does the sun's radiation have on the temperature of the house?

  b. What are some other examples of radiation heat transfer?

  c. Radiation can travel through empty space.  True or False?

  d. What is earth’s primary source of radiation? 

B.   http://spaceplace.nasa.gov/beat-the-heat/en/

1.      Can you “beat the heat”?  How far can you go?  Your goal is to make it to Level 10; when you do, show me that you've completed your task.      

C.  http://www.teachersdomain.org/asset/lsps07_int_heattransfer/

- Play the animation for each method of heat transfer; explain what is happening in each animation.  What are examples of each?  Think of an additional two examples of your own for each. 

D. http://www.physics4kids.com/files/thermo_intro.html

1. Read the information on Thermodynamics.

 a. Heat and Thermal Energy: When heat is increased in a system, what else is increased?
 b. Heat of Atoms: Heat is transferred on a molecular level.  Explain.
 c. Heat Movement: What causes heat to move from one system to another?
2. http://www.physics4kids.com/extras/quiz_heat_intro/index.html

        Now, take the online quiz on Thermodynamics; write the answers in your notebook.

E. http://www.mansfieldct.org/schools/mms/staff/hand/atomsheat.htm

-       1. Compare/Contrast the molecules of solids at different temperatures and the molecules of liquids at different temperatures. 

-       2. The Kinetic theory of matter states: All matter is made up of ______ and ________ that are constantly ______.

F. http://apollo.lsc.vsc.edu/classes/met130/notes/chapter2/htrans_intro.html

1.    In conduction, thermal energy moves from ____ to ____.

2.    Look at Table 2.2 “Heat Conductivity of Various Substances”

  a.    List in order of high conductivity (conductor) to low conductivity (insulator): wood, water, silver, air, and iron.  
  b. Rank the three states of matter in their ability to conduct heat. 

3.    Give a brief description of atmospheric convection.

4.    What are four examples of radiation?  (The website gives you two; think of two new examples.)

5.    Draw a picture of conduction, convection, and radiation.  Label them correctly.

G. http://www.mansfieldct.org/schools/mms/staff/hand/convcondrad.htm

1.      Read Convection, Conduction, and Radiation

2.      Play the Heat Review game at the bottom of the page

http://www.quia.com/pop/10875.html?AP_rand=940295890

H. http://www.physics4kids.com/files/thermo_expand.html

        1. What happens to the volume of objects when they absorb thermal energy?

        2. What happens to the volume of objects when they release thermal energy?

I. In the transfer of thermal energy, or movement of heat, how does radiation differ from conduction and convection?

J. Write down observations, thoughts, inferences on each method of heat transfer: conduction, convection, radiation.

K. 

        

C4 - States of Matter HW

1. C4S1: VOCABULARY, BQ, RC, SC #1-4

2.  C4S2: Vocabulary, Blue Question, Reading Check, Self Check #1-4,6

3. C4 Visualizing Main Ideas.
 C4 Review: #1,2,5,6,7,11,13-15,21,22,24,25

Science Article "Matter"

1. https://newsela.com/articles/animal-flatulence/id/25679/

Animal flatulence: Scientists use Twitter to pass on information

2. https://newsela.com/articles/dark-matter/id/1661/

Dark matter: Scientists can't see it, but they know it's there somewhere

3. https://newsela.com/articles/united-states-climate-threshold/id/25836/

The heat is on: Northeast U.S. expected to be warmer than planet as a whole

4. https://newsela.com/articles/yellowstone-supervolcano/id/15705/

Birth of Yellowstone caldera wasn't from hot-rock eruption, scientists find

5. https://newsela.com/articles/earth-laughinggas/id/18036/

Laughing gas gets Earth "cooking"

6. https://www.sciencenewsforstudents.org/article/climate-change-could-stall-atlantic-ocean-current

Climate change could stall Atlantic ocean current

8. https://www.sciencenewsforstudents.org/article/heres-how-hot-water-might-freeze-faster-cold

Here’s how hot water might freeze faster than cold

9. https://www.sciencenewsforstudents.org/article/cool-jobs-hunting-surprises-thinning-glaciers

Cool Jobs: Hunting surprises in thinning glaciers

10. https://www.sciencenewsforstudents.org/article/leds-offer-new-way-kill-germs-water

LEDs offer new way to kill germs in water

11. https://www.sciencenewsforstudents.org/blog/eureka-lab/snot-science-sneeze-flu-experiment

Snot Science: A snotty setup

Here’s how to test how far a sneeze will spew snot

12. https://www.sciencenewsforstudents.org/blog/eureka-lab/snot-science-sneeze-mucus

Snot Science: Taking mucus to the next level

Chapter 4 Online Exploration of Matter

  

A. Matter = Solids, Liquids and Gases video (Watch from 0:00 - 2:55)
1. Everything in the universe fits into 1 of 3 categories: it's either a _____, a ______, or a___.
2. True/False: Solids move about easily.
3. Explain the following statement: Even things that aren't moving, are actually moving.  How is this possible?
4. If you had a super-powerful microscope that could zoom in on the tiny stuff that makes up matter, it would look like millions of little lumps.
Little   : _________
Lumps: ________

 

B. 

http://www.harcourtschool.com/activity/states_of_matter/index.html

   -Play the interactive game-

1.       Describe the arrangement and movement of the particles as you change from a solid to a liquid.  Describe the arrangement and movement of the particles as you change from a liquid to a gas. 

2.  Describe the arrangement and movement of the particles as you change from a gas to a liquid.  Describe the arrangement and movement of the particles as you change from a liquid to a solid.

3.  Pick 2 phase transitions and make a sketch of them.  Describe whether energy is lost or gained in this transition.  

  C. 

http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/scienceclips/ages/9_10/gases.shtml

       -Play the interactive game-

1.       What happens to the liquid when you heat it?  When you heat something, do you add or subtract energy from it?

2.       Does the gas stay in one beaker?  Where does it go?  Why does this happen?  (Think: Energy)

3.       Cool down the gas.  What happens (Use your science vocabulary)?  Why does the liquid appear in both beakers?  

4.       Heat the liquid again.  What happens to the gases when you remove the lids?  Why does this happen?

5.      Describe the motion of the atoms in each beaker.

6.  Sort the 9 items into their correct Phase of Matter; make a list in your notebook.

7.       Take the Quiz; write the answers into your notebook.

  C. 

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qJRxYBIfZlE

      Watch the How Stuff Works Videos States of Matter Changes in State

1.     What happens to the molecules of liquid water when it boils?

     2.  Explain the difference between boiling and evaporation.

    3. What is the boiling point of water in 'F/'C?

    4. What is the melting point of rock?  What is the melting point of water?

    5.  What happens to water molecules when they freeze into a solid?

    6.  At the 2:00 mark, estimate the volume of the liquid in the beaker, don’t forget units!

D.    http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Gm6OvHUzGjM

   How Stuff Works Videos States of Matter Evaporation

     1.  A water molecule is made up of what atoms?

     2.  Draw a picture of "evaporation".

     3.  Draw a picture of a molecule of water in the vapor phase.

     4.  Through a process called ________, water vapor can turn back into a liquid.

     5.  Where do you experience evaporation in real life?  Draw a picture.

E. 

1. 

a. Ice, clouds, ice cream melting, icicles dripping, and moist soda cans are the result of _________ ________ of ______.

2. 
a. What form is the water being cut with a chainsaw in?
b. Water can exist in what three forms?
c. Phases of matter = ______ of matter.

3.

a. About how many particles of matter make up a pencil?

b. Tiny particles in their smallest form consist of _____ and _________.

c. The states of matter are determined by the ______ and _____ of particles.

d. Sketch of picture of these "particles".

4.
a. Describe how the solid ice is different from the liquid water.
b. Draw a picture of the molecules of ice.
c. Draw a picture of the molecules that make up the liquid. How do they behave differently than those in the solid ice?
d. Solids:    definite shape        yes/no
                   definite volume     yes/no
e. Liquids: definite shape        yes/no
                  definite volume     yes/no
f. Gases:    definite shape        yes/no
                  definite volume     yes/no
g. Draw a picture of the molecules of a gas.
h. Which state of matter has the fastest moving molecules?  Explain.

5. 
a. You predict: What will happen to the ice cube if left out on the windowsill?
b. Define: phase change
c. Phase changes occur when ______ is added or taken away from a substance.
d. Melting involves the phase change from a _____ to a ______.
e. The melting point of water is __°Celsius or __°Fahrenheit.
f. The opposite of melting is ________.
g. ________ is the process of a liquid changing to a _____.  The molecules start to move ______ and have more/less energy.
h. The freezing point of water is __°C or __°F

6. 
a. What happened to the water in the glass?  Did it really just disappear?
b. ___________ involves a phase change from a ______ to a ___.
c. When vaporization occurs at the surface of a liquid, we call this __________.
d. Water _____ is present in the air around us.
e. Describe what you see in this container of water.
f. The boiling point of water is ___℃ or ___℉.
g. The opposite of vaporization is ____________.
h. ___________ is responsible for cloud formation.

7. 

a. What is the video showing as an example of melting?

b. What is the video showing as an example of freezing?

c. What is the video showing as an example of vaporization?

d. What is the video showing as an example of condensation?

8. 
a. There are _____ phases of matter.
b. Liquids have a definite volume but no definite _____.
c. Phase changes occur when ______ is gained or lost from a substance
d. ________ occurs when a liquid changes to a solid.
e. ____________ occurs when a liquid changes to a gas.

F. 

http://web.visionlearning.com/custom/chemistry/animations/CHE1.1-an-threestates.shtml

1.       Compare/Contrast the arrangement and movement of the molecules of a solid, liquid, and gas.  Make sure to use the term, “energy”.

  G.   Condensation
http://www .youtube.com/watch?v=bymT5AcV-C4

     1. What's happening to the outside of the glass?  Describe what you see.

2.     Where are the water droplets coming from?

3.     Has this ever happened to you?  Where?  Describe the situation. 

   H.  http://www.footprints-science.co.uk/index.php?module=2&type=States%20of%20matter&section=Section1&info=5

  Play around with the animation.  Write a summary of the animation and line graph using the following terms: temperature, melting point, boiling point, solid, liquid, gas, melting, boiling, freezing, condensing.  Also, describe the movement and arrangement of molecules.

   I.  http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=fvwp&v=PcoiLAsUvqc&NR=1

      

      http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PKQylXcqGo0

    1. As the molecules of a solid get hotter, they vibrate ______ and ______.

    2. How do the molecules of a solid behave?

    3. When a water molecule escapes into the air, why can't you see it?

    4. If you left a glass of water in the sun, why would it evaporate faster?

    5. What happens when water vapor molecules come into contact with a cold surface?

    6. The cooler the molecules get, the _______ they move.

    7. Where does the word "condensation" come from?

   J. http://www.quia.com/rr/38085.html?AP_rand=1523610378

       http://www.brainpop.com/games/mattersorter/

http://www.strangematterexhibit.com/index.html

 http://www.sciencekids.co.nz/gamesactivities/detectivescience/statesofmatter.html

1.       Play the various interactive games.